Unit+2+Terms

= ﻿ Unit 2: Political Beliefs and Behaviors=

Terms List
Civic duty- responsibilities as a citizen--some examples: voting, community service, etc. Culture war- is a war between conflicting ideas and beliefs of society's moral codes.

External efficacy - The willingness of the government to respond to the citizens' needs and demands Internal efficacy - the belief that someone can understand politics and therefore participates in politics Political culture- is the traditional orientation of the citizens of a nation toward politics, affecting their perceptions of political legitimacy Political efficacy: the ability of citizens to affect the government and the government's ability to respond to the public's opinion Internal efficacy: citizens ability to understand politics External efficacy: the perception that the government is willing to respond to the public's opinions Political ideology: beliefs about specific policies that should be carried out by the government.

//__**Political subculture: **__//A branch off from traditional political beliefs. i.e: The Tea Party.

Work ethic: <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">a set of values based on hard work and diligence. It is also a belief in the moral benefit of work and its ability to enhance character. An example would be the Protestant work ethic. A work ethic may include being reliable, having initiative, or maintaining social skills. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Conservative <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">


 * Liberal: ** a person who believes in the importance of individual liberties and equal rights.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Moderate - an individual who is not extreme, partisan, or radical. (Dear Mr. Hellybuuyckkk, I posted this on the last unit cuase this unit wasn't on here when i posted it...) <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Political cleavages - are moral, national, and religious divisions that have a strong affect on political policies. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Political elite Political socialization- this is the process through which individuals aquire their political beliefs and attitudes﻿. <span style="color: #941e1e; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">The most common factors that influence a person's political opinions are their

family, peer groups, educational system, and the media.

This chart shows how the political beliefs of people's parents influence their party afiliations later in life:


 * || Parent=Dem || Parent=Ind || Parent=Rep ||
 * Democrat || 45% || 25% || 30% ||
 * Independent || 27% || 53% || 36% ||
 * Republican || 7% || 10% || 83% ||

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Public opinion <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Activist <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Conventional participation <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">﻿ **<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">involves taking an active role in political affairs. Some examples are voting, working or donating to campaigns, and contacting representatives. It might also include running for office. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Fifteenth Amendment- prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">race, color, or previous condition of servitude" <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Grandfather clause: is an exception that allows an old rule to continue to apply to some existing situations, when a new rule will apply to all future situations. Frequently, the exemption is limited; it may extend for a set period of time, or it may be lost once a change is made. For example, a "grandfathered power plant" might be exempt from new, more restrictive pollution laws, which would be applied if the plant were expanded. Often, such a provision is used as a [|compromise], to effect new rules without upsetting a well-established logistical or [|political] situation. This extends the idea of a rule not being [|retroactively applied]. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Literacy test- the government practice of testing the literacy of potential citizens at the federal level, and potential voters at the state level. Southern state legislatures employed literacy tests as part of the voter registration process as an unfair way to keep African Americans from being able to vote. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 suspended the use of literacy tests as a preventative measure. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Motor-voter law - <span style="color: #999999; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> law-1995, passed by congress - this law requires states to allow people to register to vote when applying for driver's licenses and to provide registration through the mail and at some state offices that serve the disabled or provide public assistance. This laws was passed in attempt to get people to vote.

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Nineteenth Amendment- gave women the right to vote. (women's suffrage) <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Poll tax: a fee demanded from voters, often used to discourage certain groups from participating in elections, for example; blacks in the South after Reconstruction <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Registered voters <span style="color: #ff0080; display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; font-size: 130%;">Twenty-sixth Amendment: lowers the voting age to 18...This law was passed in July 1971. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Unconventional participation: a different way to get your point across. examples: <span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">Boycotts, Sit-ins, Marches, Demonstrations, Violence. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Voting Rights Act of 1965 <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">White primary- Started during the 1890s and found in many southern states, they were primary elections where non-whites could not vote. Declared consitutional until eventually changed their mind.